Table 8. Early Oct. Planted, Knoxville, TN, Biomass and Weed Suppression

Table 8. By location mean biomass and weed suppression of 36 cover crop varieties and 8 mixes planted in early Oct. 2020, in small plot replicated trials, at the East Tennessee AgResearch and Education Center, in Knoxville, Tennessee, and evaluated from Fall 2020 to Spring 2021.

Variety	Common Name	Group	Biomass (DM ton/ac)				Biomass (DM lb/ac)				Weed Proportion (%)
			Apr		May		Apr		May		Dec‡		Feb‡		Apr‡		May
Cereals
Bates RS4	Cereal Rye	Cereal	2.9	A	4.6	A	5723	A	9141	A	0	PQ	1	O	7	K-M	8	IJ
Elbon	Cereal Rye	Cereal	1.8	DE	3.5	B-E	3528	DE	7029	B-E	1	N-Q	5	K-N	5	LM	10	IJ
NF95319B	Cereal Rye	Cereal	2.9	A	3.9	A-C	5723	A	7819	A-C	1	O-Q	1	O	5	LM	15	H-J
NF97325	Cereal Rye	Cereal	2.3	BC	4.0	AB	4651	BC	8007	AB	0	Q	4	L-O	7	K-M	15	H-J
NF99362	Cereal Rye	Cereal	2.3	BC	3.9	A-C	4599	BC	7740	A-C	0	O-Q	5	K-N	5	LM	10	IJ
TriCal Ray	Cereal Rye	Cereal	2.5	A-C	3.6	B-D	4939	A-C	7123	B-D	0	Q	2	NO	3	M	15	H-J
Yankee	Cereal Rye	Cereal	1.2	G-N	3.0	B-F	2326	G-N	6094	B-F	1	O-Q	4	M-O	12	H-L	15	H-J
TriCal EXP 20T06	Triticale	Cereal	2.4	A-C	3.7	A-D	4782	A-C	7380	A-D	2	M-Q	4	L-O	7	K-M	10	IJ
TriCal EXP 21T01	Triticale	Cereal	2.1	CD	2.7	D-H	4155	CD	5482	D-H	0	O-Q	5	K-N	8	I-M	12	IJ
TriCal Flex 719	Triticale	Cereal	1.4	E-K	2.5	F-H	2874	E-K	5012	F-H	6	K-Q	22	I-M	15	F-L	23	F-J
TriCal Surge	Triticale	Cereal	1.5	E-H	2.3	F-I	3057	E-H	4505	F-I	25	E-K	13	G-L	10	I-M	18	G-J
TN1902	Wheat	Cereal	1.3	E-L	2.6	E-H	2535	E-L	5179	E-H	10	J-Q	11	J-N	15	F-L	20	G-J
Legumes
FIXatioN	Clover, Balansa	Legume	0.8	L-O	0.6	M-Q	1620	L-O	1165	M-Q	75	AB	96	AB	83	A	77	A
Paradana	Clover, Balansa	Legume	0.6	O	0.2	PQ	1202	O	392	PQ	68	A-C	97	AB	80	AB	88	A
Taipan	Clover, Balansa	Legume	0.6	O	0.1	Q	1280	O	282	Q	90	A	95	AB	70	A-C	80	A
Viper	Clover, Balansa	Legume	1.1	H-O	0.3	O-Q	2143	H-O	638	O-Q	93	A	100	A	85	A	86	A
Frosty	Clover, Berseem	Legume	1.0	I-O	1.4	I-N	2038	I-O	2759	I-N	20	C-H	43	A-F	33	A-H	27	E-J
Lightning	Clover, Berseem	Legume	1.2	F-M	1.0	K-Q	2456	F-M	2075	K-Q	33	A-F	65	A-D	37	A-G	40	D-G
*UF_CC_17	Clover, Crimson	Legume	0.6	O	0.4	O-Q	1176	O	716	O-Q	20	C-I	31	C-G	47	A-E	67	A-C
Dixie	Clover, Crimson	Legume	0.7	NO	1.2	J-O	1333	NO	2435	J-O	27	C-H	29	C-H	23	C-J	37	D-H
Kentucky Pride	Clover, Crimson	Legume	0.8	M-O	1.1	K-Q	1516	M-O	2148	K-Q	23	B-G	18	E-K	27	B-H	30	E-I
GO-PER-12	Clover, Persian	Legume	1.0	K-O	0.6	M-Q	1908	K-O	1244	M-Q	45	A-E	48	A-F	40	A-E	47	C-E
Dynamite	Clover, Red	Legume	0.8	L-O	0.7	M-Q	1542	L-O	1375	M-Q	41	A-E	63	A-E	47	A-E	43	D-F
Q (FL24D)	Clover, Red	Legume	0.8	L-O	0.6	M-Q	1672	L-O	1113	M-Q	27	B-F	42	A-F	40	A-E	53	B-D
*UF_WC_LateOcoee	Clover, White	Legume	0.7	NO	0.2	PQ	1411	NO	350	PQ	88	A	97	AB	47	A-E	67	A-C
*UF_WC_ML17	Clover, White	Legume	0.7	NO	0.2	PQ	1333	NO	392	PQ	80	AB	97	AB	63	A-D	67	A-C
AU Merit	Vetch, Hairy	Legume	1.0	K-O	0.9	L-Q	1934	K-O	1772	L-Q	16	D-I	25	D-I	10	H-L	8	IJ
Patagonia	Vetch, Hairy	Legume	0.9	K-O	0.9	L-Q	1881	K-O	1772	L-Q	33	C-I	51	A-E	27	D-J	17	H-J
WinterKing	Vetch, Hairy	Legume	1.2	F-M	1.1	J-P	2456	F-M	2242	J-P	56	A-D	73	A-C	8	J-M	7	J
Survivor	Winter Pea	Legume	1.5	E-J	1.5	I-M	2953	E-J	3031	I-M	53	A-D	51	A-F	12	G-L	15	H-J
Brassicas
Vivant	Hybrid (turnip x rapeseed)	Brassica	0.8	L-O	1.0	K-Q	1699	L-O	1986	K-Q	5	H-N	18	E-K	20	E-K	10	IJ
Aerifi	Radish	Brassica	0.9	L-O	0.3	O-Q	1803	L-O	523	O-Q	14	E-J	23	D-I	53	A-E	83	A
CCS-779	Radish	Brassica	0.8	L-O	1.0	K-Q	1672	L-O	1991	K-Q	10	F-L	32	B-G	40	A-G	67	A-C
Driller	Radish	Brassica	0.9	L-O	0.5	N-Q	1829	L-O	909	N-Q	12	G-N	17	F-K	37	A-F	70	AB
FragiBlaster	Radish	Brassica	1.1	G-O	0.8	M-Q	2169	G-O	1615	M-Q	9	F-L	22	D-J	18	E-K	40	D-G
Jackpot	Turnip	Brassica	0.7	NO	0.6	M-Q	1437	NO	1213	M-Q	7	F-M	22	D-I	20	E-K	22	F-J
Mixes
Bates RS4 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	Mix	2.7	AB	3.7	A-C	5373	AB	7474	A-C	7	I-O	8	I-N	12	H-L	12	IJ
Bates RS4 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	Mix	2.4	A-C	2.7	D-H	4845	A-C	5493	D-H	3	K-Q	5	K-N	3	M	5	J
Bates RS4 (10%) + Dixie (90%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	Mix	1.6	E-G	3.0	C-G	3157	E-G	5942	C-G	4	J-P	11	G-L	8	I-M	27	E-J
Bates RS4 (10%) + AU Merit (90%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	Mix	1.7	D-F	2.0	G-J	3361	D-F	4092	G-J	21	F-L	6	J-N	12	LM	13	IJ
Yankee (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	Mix	0.8	L-O	2.2	F-I	1584	L-O	4448	F-I	2	N-Q	10	H-M	18	E-K	25	E-J
Yankee (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	Mix	1.0	J-O	1.8	H-L	1965	J-O	3622	H-L	4	L-Q	3	L-O	12	G-L	15	H-J
TN1902 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Wheat + Crimson Clover	Mix	1.5	E-I	1.9	H-K	2995	E-I	3773	H-K	4	N-Q	7	I-N	23	C-J	27	E-J
TN1902 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Wheat + Hairy Vetch	Mix	0.9	L-O	0.9	L-Q	1787	L-O	1787	L-Q	33	F-M	22	E-K	37	C-I	47	C-E
Cereals
Average			2.0		3.4		4074		6709		4		6		8		14
Min			1.2		2.3		2326		4505		0		1		3		8
Max			2.9		4.6		5723		9141		25		22		15		23
Range			1.7		2.3		3397		4636		25		21		12		15
Legumes
Average			0.9		0.7		1770		1439		49		62		43		47
Min			0.6		0.1		1176		282		16		18		8		7
Max			1.5		1.5		2953		3031		93		100		85		88
Range			0.9		1.4		1777		2749		77		82		77		82
Brassicas
Average			0.9		0.7		1768		1373		10		22		31		49
Min			0.7		0.3		1437		523		5		17		18		10
Max			1.1		1.0		2169		1991		14		32		53		83
Range			0.4		0.7		732		1469		9		16		35		73
Mixes
Average			1.6		2.3		3133		4579		10		9		16		21
Min			0.8		0.9		1584		1787		2		3		3		5
Max			2.7		3.7		5373		7474		33		22		37		47
Range			1.9		2.8		3789		5686		31		19		33		42
Across Groups
Average			1.3		1.7		2646		3438		24		32		27		34
Standard Error			0.7		1.3		1350		2617		28		32		23		26
Min			0.6		0.1		1176		282		0		1		3		5
Max			2.9		4.6		5723		9141		93		100		85		88
Range			2.3		4.4		4547		8859		93		99		82		83
ANOVA p-values
– Variety			<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
– Location			<0.001		N.S.		<0.001		N.S.		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
– Variety x Location			<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		0.025		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001

† Varieties that have any MS letter in common are not significantly different (Fisher’s Protected LSD, P<0.05). Mean separation letters are highlighted in dark orange for values that are not statistically different from the highest value across all entries within a given trait. Mean values between the 50th and 75th percentile are highlighted in light orange, mean values above the 75th percentile are highlighted in dark orange. § For analysis, values transformed using (value)^2 due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡ For analysis, values transformed using log (value+1) due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡‡ Non-normal distribution, means reported ¶ Analyzed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with the appropraite calibration for each species. Reported on a 100% DM basis. †† Estimated using quality constituents from NIRS inputted into the UGA cover crop nitrogen calculator.

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Virginia Sykes

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Virginia Sykes vsykes@utk.edu

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Table 8. Early Oct. Planted, Knoxville, TN, Biomass and Weed Suppression

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