Table 11. Early Oct. Planted, Knoxville, TN, Forage Quality

Table 11-a. By location mean forage quality of 36 cover crop varieties and 8 mixes planted in early Oct. 2020, in small plot replicated trials, at the East Tennessee AgResearch and Education Center, in Knoxville, Tennessee, and evaluated from Fall 2020 to Spring 2021.

VarietyCommon NameCP¶ADF¶NDF¶
AprMayAprMayAprMay
Cereals
Bates RS4Cereal Rye8.3OP5.8O-R34.8A-C39.8A-D64.1AB71.1A
ElbonCereal Rye9.3M-P5.4O-R31.1C-G40.6A-C60.3BC71.5A
NF95319BCereal Rye6.6P4.1R37.3A42.0A66.3A70.9A
NF97325Cereal Rye8.5N-P5.2P-R35.4AB39.6A-D65.3AB70.3A
NF99362Cereal Rye9.1M-P4.7QR34.3A-D41.4AB64.6AB72.3A
TriCal RayCereal Rye7.9OP5.3O-R35.4AB40.6A-C65.8AB69.6A
YankeeCereal Rye12.9H-L7.2M-Q23.7N-T41.0AB48.4E-H73.0A
TriCal EXP 20T06Triticale9.0M-P7.2M-Q29.2E-K34.5E-I56.3CD62.3B
TriCal EXP 21T01Triticale9.2M-P8.2L-O27.3G-N33.6G-J52.3D-F62.6B
TriCal Flex 719Triticale11.7J-M8.1L-P25.1L-S36.9B-H50.5EF70.7A
TriCal SurgeTriticale10.4L-O6.9N-R26.2I-Q37.5A-H52.1D-F69.4A
TN1902Wheat11.5K-N8.2L-O23.1P-T29.6J-M44.5G-J57.0B-D
Legumes
FIXatioNClover, Balansa15.1F-I17.7E-H24.7L-S24.3NO40.3J-O30.1KL
ParadanaClover, Balansa16.1D-G17.0F-H24.2M-T25.9L-O38.0K-O31.7J-L
TaipanClover, Balansa15.3E-I15.1HI24.7L-S26.9L-O40.1J-O33.0JK
ViperClover, Balansa13.8G-K16.5F-H27.1H-O25.9L-O42.8H-L32.2JK
FrostyClover, Berseem19.2A-C19.6C-F21.9ST26.3M-O31.6Q-S34.2JK
LightningClover, Berseem18.2B-E19.4D-G23.7N-T27.1L-O34.9O-S33.7JK
*UF_CC_17Clover, Crimson14.7F-J15.2HI25.9J-R33.9F-J38.5K-O40.9I
DixieClover, Crimson14.9F-I15.4HI23.1P-T33.9F-J35.4N-R41.3HI
Kentucky PrideClover, Crimson15.7E-H16.5GH26.3I-P31.3I-L35.5N-R37.8IJ
GO-PER-12Clover, Persian14.9F-I20.7B-D24.8L-S19.2PQ39.0J-O24.6LM
DynamiteClover, Red17.3C-F21.0B-D24.0M-T22.7OP37.4L-P29.8KL
Q (FL24D)Clover, Red15.7E-H21.1B-D25.4K-S22.4OP38.3K-O28.1KL
*UF_WC_LateOcoeeClover, White14.2G-K23.6AB26.2I-P16.1Q42.1I-L18.3M
*UF_WC_ML17Clover, White13.5G-K22.2B-D27.2G-N17.5Q43.2H-K20.8M
AU MeritVetch, Hairy21.3A26.1A22.3Q-T24.2NO29.7S28.8KL
PatagoniaVetch, Hairy20.9AB25.7A22.1R-T25.0M-O32.0P-S30.0KL
WinterKingVetch, Hairy21.4A26.5A22.5P-T22.9OP30.2RS27.8KL
SurvivorWinter Pea18.9A-D22.5BC20.5T23.1N-P30.7Q-S29.9KL
Brassicas
VivantHybrid (turnip x rapeseed)13.5G-K10.0J-M27.9F-M39.8A-D39.3J-O51.2D-G
AerifiRadish14.8F-I12.9IJ28.2F-L39.3A-D41.5J-M50.4E-G
CCS-779Radish14.5F-K11.0J-L30.4D-H39.0A-E43.2H-K48.5FG
DrillerRadish14.4F-K12.4I-K29.9E-I35.9C-I42.0I-L47.4GH
FragiBlasterRadish13.9G-K9.6K-N29.9E-I38.7A-F41.5J-M49.1E-G
Jackpot Turnip14.4F-K9.8K-N27.8F-M40.0A-D39.7J-O51.6C-G
Mixes
Bates RS4 (20%) + Dixie (80%)Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover12.3I-L10.7J-L33.0B-E37.7A-G53.4DE57.5B-D
Bates RS4 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)Cereal Rye +
Hairy Vetch
14.0G-K14.8HI31.6B-F35.5D-I50.8D-F55.2C-E
Bates RS4 (10%) + Dixie (90%)Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover13.0H-L10.6J-L29.7E-J39.5A-D49.3E-G57.8BC
Bates RS4 (10%) + AU Merit (90%)Cereal Rye +
Hairy Vetch
15.4E-H16.4H29.5E-J33.5G-J47.4F-I49.7E-G
Yankee (20%) +
Dixie (80%)
Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover14.9F-I13.0IJ22.9P-T35.4D-I41.3J-M54.1C-F
Yankee (20%) +
AU Merit (80%)
Cereal Rye +
Hairy Vetch
17.4C-F17.4F-H22.6P-T32.6H-K40.7J-N49.3E-G
TN1902 (20%) +
Dixie (80%)
Wheat +
Crimson Clover
14.9F-I11.2JK22.7P-T35.6D-I38.8J-O53.3C-G
TN1902 (20%) +
AU Merit (80%)
Wheat +
Hairy Vetch
19.8A-C20.5C-E23.3O-T27.9K-N36.0M-Q39.0IJ
Cereals
Average9.56.430.238.157.568.4
Min6.64.123.129.644.557.0
Max12.98.237.342.066.373.0
Range6.34.114.212.421.816.0
Legumes
Average16.720.124.324.936.630.7
Min13.515.120.516.129.718.3
Max21.426.527.233.943.241.3
Range7.911.56.717.813.523.0
Brassicas
Average14.311.029.038.841.249.7
Min13.59.627.835.939.347.4
Max14.812.930.440.043.251.6
Range1.33.32.64.23.94.2
Mixes
Average15.214.326.934.744.752.0
Min12.310.622.627.936.039.0
Max19.820.533.039.553.457.8
Range7.59.910.311.717.418.9
Across Groups
Average14.114.127.032.244.447.4
Standard Error3.76.54.37.410.216.5
Min6.64.120.516.129.718.3
Max21.426.537.342.066.373.0
Range14.822.416.725.936.654.6
ANOVA p-values
– Variety<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
– Location<0.001<0.001N.S.0.014<0.001<0.001
– Variety x Location0.0170.0840.026<0.001<0.001<0.001

† Varieties that have any MS letter in common are not significantly different (Fisher’s Protected LSD, P<0.05). Mean separation letters are highlighted in dark orange for values that are not statistically different from the highest value across all entries within a given trait. Mean values between the 50th and 75th percentile are highlighted in light orange, mean values above the 75th percentile are highlighted in dark orange. § For analysis, values transformed using (value)^2 due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡ For analysis, values transformed using log (value+1) due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡‡ Non-normal distribution, means reported ¶ Analyzed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with the appropriate calibration for each species. Reported on a 100% DM basis. †† Estimated using quality constituents from NIRS inputted into the UGA cover crop nitrogen calculator.

 

Table 11-b. By location mean forage quality of 36 cover crop varieties and 8 mixes planted in early Oct. 2020, in small plot replicated trials, at at the East Tennessee AgResearch and Education Center, in Knoxville, Tennessee, and evaluated from Fall 2020 to Spring 2021.

VarietyCommon NameAsh¶Fat¶Lignin¶
AprMayAprMayApr†May
Cereals
Bates RS4Cereal Rye1.9N0.1T2.1N-P1.6R-U4.7A-H6.6D-M
ElbonCereal Rye2.5N0.4ST2.3H-O1.7Q-T3.7G-M6.6D-M
NF95319BCereal Rye2.1N0.2ST1.8P1.2U5.4A7.0D-I
NF97325Cereal Rye2.4N1.1R-T2.1OP1.6R-U4.9A-E6.8D-J
NF99362Cereal Rye2.2N0.0T2.3K-P1.4TU4.6A-H6.7D-L
TriCal RayCereal Rye2.1N0.7R-T2.1N-P1.5S-U5.0A-C7.2C-G
YankeeCereal Rye3.2MN1.9R3.2A2.2G-N2.5O6.4E-N
TriCal EXP 20T06Triticale2.6N1.6RS2.2L-P1.8M-S3.1J-O5.2O-R
TriCal EXP 21T01Triticale3.5L-N0.8R-T2.4F-O1.8N-T2.9K-O5.2O-S
TriCal Flex 719Triticale2.8N0.7R-T2.7A-K2.0K-R2.6NO5.6L-Q
TriCal SurgeTriticale2.3N0.6R-T2.6C-O1.8O-T2.4O5.5M-Q
TN1902Wheat3.1MN1.1R-T2.8A-J2.2F-M2.6M-O4.8P-T
Legumes
FIXatioNClover, Balansa7.6A-C9.0DE3.0A-C2.1H-P3.6H-N5.0P-T
ParadanaClover, Balansa8.2AB9.6B-D3.0A-D2.5A-I3.7F-L5.5K-Q
TaipanClover, Balansa7.5A-D8.9DE3.0A-D2.2E-O3.7G-L5.9G-Q
ViperClover, Balansa6.9A-H9.0C-E2.8A-J2.2D-M4.3B-I5.5J-Q
FrostyClover, Berseem7.7A-C9.1C-E2.8A-J2.6A-E4.0C-K5.0P-T
LightningClover, Berseem8.2AB8.9DE2.8A-J2.4C-J3.8E-K5.2O-R
*UF_CC_17Clover, Crimson7.1A-E6.7H-K2.6B-N2.1J-P4.7A-G7.5B-E
DixieClover, Crimson6.9A-G7.0G-J2.7A-L1.9L-R3.9D-K7.3C-F
Kentucky PrideClover, Crimson7.9A-C7.0G-J2.4E-O2.0J-Q4.6A-H6.8D-K
GO-PER-12Clover, Persian7.8A-C10.5A-C2.7A-L2.5A-H3.8F-L3.2U
DynamiteClover, Red7.4A-D8.5D-F2.9A-G2.6A-D3.7F-L4.0S-U
Q (FL24D)Clover, Red7.5A-D8.7DE2.7A-L2.6A-F4.0C-K4.1R-U
*UF_WC_LateOcoeeClover, White7.0A-F11.4A2.9A-E2.7A-C3.9C-K3.1U
*UF_WC_ML17Clover, White6.8A-H11.0AB2.7A-L2.6A-F4.2C-J3.4U
AU MeritVetch, Hairy7.3A-E8.4D-G2.7A-L2.8A4.5A-H5.3N-Q
PatagoniaVetch, Hairy7.2A-E8.1D-H2.8A-I2.6A-F3.9D-K5.3N-Q
WinterKingVetch, Hairy8.2AB9.0DE2.8A-K2.8A4.5A-H4.8Q-T
SurvivorWinter Pea8.3A9.1C-E2.8A-H2.5A-G3.2J-O4.0TU
Brassicas
VivantHybrid (turnip x rapeseed)6.2C-K4.3O-Q2.4G-O2.3C-K4.9A-D9.1A
AerifiRadish6.6B-I6.5I-L2.4G-O1.6R-U4.9A-E9.1A
CCS-779Radish6.4C-K6.4I-M2.2M-P1.7P-T5.4A8.6AB
DrillerRadish6.2C-K5.9J-N2.3J-O1.8M-S5.3AB7.6B-D
FragiBlasterRadish6.4C-J5.0M-P2.3K-P1.6R-U5.3AB8.2A-C
Jackpot Turnip5.7E-K5.2L-P2.7B-M2.4B-J4.8A-F9.3A
Mixes
Bates RS4 (20%) + Dixie (80%)Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover5.3F-K3.9PQ2.3I-O1.9M-S4.6A-H6.6D-M
Bates RS4 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)Cereal Rye +
Hairy Vetch
5.2H-L3.5Q2.4H-O2.1I-P4.5A-H6.7D-L
Bates RS4 (10%) + Dixie (90%)Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover5.1I-L4.6N-Q2.5D-O1.6R-U4.5A-H7.0D-H
Bates RS4 (10%) + AU Merit (90%)Cereal Rye +
Hairy Vetch
5.9D-K5.7J-O2.5D-O2.2F-M4.5A-H5.9H-P
Yankee (20%) +
Dixie (80%)
Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover4.7J-M5.8J-N3.0A-C2.3D-L2.9K-O5.8I-Q
Yankee (20%) +
AU Merit (80%)
Cereal Rye +
Hairy Vetch
5.2G-K7.1F-J3.1AB2.6A-F2.7L-O5.3N-Q
TN1902 (20%) +
Dixie (80%)
Wheat +
Crimson Clover
4.7K-M5.5K-O2.9A-F2.0K-R3.4I-O6.3F-O
TN1902 (20%) +
AU Merit (80%)
Wheat +
Hairy Vetch
6.9A-H7.8E-I2.8A-J2.8AB3.9D-K5.4N-Q
Cereals
Average2.60.82.41.73.76.1
Min1.90.01.81.22.44.8
Max3.51.93.22.25.47.2
Range1.61.91.31.03.12.4
Legumes
Average7.58.92.82.44.05.1
Min6.86.72.41.93.23.1
Max8.311.43.02.84.77.5
Range1.64.70.60.91.54.4
Brassicas
Average6.25.52.41.95.18.7
Min5.74.32.21.64.87.6
Max6.66.52.72.45.49.3
Range0.92.20.50.80.61.7
Mixes
Average5.45.52.72.23.96.1
Min4.73.52.31.62.75.3
Max6.97.83.12.84.67.0
Range2.24.20.71.21.91.7
Across Groups
Average5.65.62.62.14.06.0
Standard Error2.13.50.30.40.81.5
Min1.90.01.81.22.43.1
Max8.311.43.22.85.49.3
Range6.411.41.31.63.16.2
ANOVA p-values
– Variety<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
– Location<0.001<0.001N.S.N.S.<0.001<0.001
– Variety x Location0.0180.048N.S.N.S.<0.001<0.001

† Varieties that have any MS letter in common are not significantly different (Fisher’s Protected LSD, P<0.05). Mean separation letters are highlighted in dark orange for values that are not statistically different from the highest value across all entries within a given trait. Mean values between the 50th and 75th percentile are highlighted in light orange, mean values above the 75th percentile are highlighted in dark orange. § For analysis, values transformed using (value)^2 due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡ For analysis, values transformed using log (value+1) due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡‡ Non-normal distribution, means reported ¶ Analyzed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with the appropriate calibration for each species. Reported on a 100% DM basis. †† Estimated using quality constituents from NIRS inputted into the UGA cover crop nitrogen calculator.

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