Table 7. Early Oct. Planted, Across Location, Forage Quality

Table 7-a. Across location mean forage quality of 36 cover crop varieties and 8 mixes planted in early Oct. 2020, in small plot replicated trials, at two University of Tennessee AgResearch and Education Center locations, in Tennessee, and evaluated from Fall 2020 to Spring 2021.

Variety	Common Name	CP¶				ADF¶				NDF¶
		Apr		May		Apr		May		Apr		May
Cereals
Bates RS4	Cereal Rye	8.4	S	5.9	OP	35.4	A-C	40.8	AB	65.0	A	72.4	AB
Elbon	Cereal Rye	9.2	RS	7.3	N-P	32.8	C-E	38.5	A-D	63.7	A	69.3	B-E
NF95319B	Cereal Rye	8.0	S	5.4	P	35.7	AB	41.8	A	64.5	A	72.7	AB
NF97325	Cereal Rye	8.6	S	5.9	P	35.5	A-C	40.3	A-C	65.8	A	71.5	A-C
NF99362	Cereal Rye	9.4	Q-S	5.5	P	33.8	B-D	41.7	A	64.5	A	74.0	A
TriCal Ray	Cereal Rye	8.2	S	5.8	P	36.6	A	41.2	A	67.6	A	71.4	A-D
Yankee	Cereal Rye	13.4	L-O	8.0	M-O	24.0	O-T	36.9	C-G	49.6	D-F	66.9	D-F
TriCal EXP 20T06	Triticale	9.1	RS	7.4	N-P	30.2	E-H	35.0	E-H	57.7	B	64.0	F
TriCal EXP 21T01	Triticale	9.6	Q-S	8.1	MN	28.5	G-L	33.6	G-J	55.0	BC	62.8	F
TriCal Flex 719	Triticale	11.5	O-Q	8.4	MN	26.6	J-O	34.3	F-J	53.4	CD	65.9	EF
TriCal Surge	Triticale	10.8	P-R	8.4	MN	26.8	I-N	35.6	D-H	53.5	CD	67.1	C-F
TN1902	Wheat	12.8	N-P	9.7	LM	23.0	R-U	28.6	L-N	45.6	G	55.6	G
Legumes
FIXatioN	Clover, Balansa	16.7	F-J	18.2	E-G	23.4	Q-T	23.0	S-U	32.7	K-N	27.9	T-V
Paradana	Clover, Balansa	17.0	F-I	16.2	GH	24.6	N-S	27.9	L-O	33.5	J-M	33.2	P-S
Taipan	Clover, Balansa	16.7	F-J	15.5	HI	23.8	O-T	27.8	M-P	33.7	J-M	33.1	P-S
Viper	Clover, Balansa	17.5	F-H	16.7	GH	23.7	P-T	25.7	N-T	32.4	K-N	31.1	R-T
Frosty	Clover, Berseem	20.5	CD	19.4	C-E	22.3	S-U	26.3	N-S	29.3	N-P	32.9	Q-S
Lightning	Clover, Berseem	19.9	C-E	18.9	D-F	22.7	R-U	26.7	N-R	30.3	M-P	32.7	RS
*UF_CC_17	Clover, Crimson	17.6	F-H	16.5	GH	23.8	P-T	31.5	I-L	32.4	K-N	37.7	OP
Dixie	Clover, Crimson	18.1	E-G	16.3	GH	21.3	TU	31.0	J-M	29.8	M-P	37.5	O-Q
Kentucky Pride	Clover, Crimson	18.8	D-F	17.2	F-H	22.5	S-U	29.3	K-N	29.2	N-P	35.4	O-R
GO-PER-12	Clover, Persian	15.5	H-L	21.0	BC	26.2	K-P	20.4	UV	36.0	H-K	23.8	VW
Dynamite	Clover, Red	20.1	C-E	20.7	B-D	22.7	R-U	23.3	R-U	31.9	L-O	29.1	S-U
Q (FL24D)	Clover, Red	18.2	E-G	21.2	BC	25.4	M-R	24.3	P-T	34.6	I-L	29.1	S-U
*UF_WC_LateOcoee	Clover, White	15.4	H-M	21.3	BC	25.8	L-Q	22.4	TU	36.3	H-K	25.4	U-W
*UF_WC_ML17	Clover, White	15.1	I-M	21.4	BC	25.8	L-Q	19.0	V	36.3	H-K	21.7	W
AU Merit	Vetch, Hairy	22.8	AB	24.5	A	23.1	Q-U	27.1	N-Q	28.3	OP	31.6	R-T
Patagonia	Vetch, Hairy	23.2	AB	24.7	A	22.7	R-U	26.4	N-S	29.5	N-P	30.3	ST
WinterKing	Vetch, Hairy	23.6	A	24.9	A	22.1	S-U	25.0	O-T	27.3	P	29.2	S-U
Survivor	Winter Pea	20.6	CD	21.6	B	20.5	U	23.7	Q-U	28.9	N-P	30.7	ST
Brassicas
Vivant	Hybrid (turnip x rapeseed)	14.1	K-N	11.1	KL	27.5	H-M	36.8	D-G	37.8	HI	47.2	J-M
Aerifi	Radish	15.5	H-L	12.8	JK	28.3	G-L	35.3	D-H	38.7	H	44.9	J-M
CCS-779	Radish	15.1	I-M	12.7	JK	29.4	F-I	34.8	E-I	39.3	H	44.0	L-N
Driller	Radish	16.6	F-J	13.5	IJ	29.2	F-J	33.7	G-J	38.3	HI	43.6	MN
FragiBlaster	Radish	15.7	H-K	11.1	KL	28.5	G-L	35.1	D-H	37.8	HI	44.5	K-M
Jackpot	Turnip	14.7	J-N	11.0	KL	28.7	G-K	37.5	B-F	39.3	H	48.0	I-M
Mixes
Bates RS4 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	13.3	M-O	12.2	JK	31.5	D-F	36.7	D-G	50.7	DE	53.8	GH
Bates RS4 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	15.6	H-K	16.0	H	31.5	D-F	35.2	D-H	49.6	D-G	52.5	G-I
Bates RS4 (10%) + Dixie (90%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	14.1	K-N	12.1	JK	29.7	F-H	37.7	B-E	47.7	E-G	54.2	G
Bates RS4 (10%) + AU Merit (90%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	17.1	F-I	17.6	E-H	30.3	E-G	33.7	G-J	46.3	FG	48.8	I-K
Yankee (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	16.7	F-J	13.3	J	22.6	S-U	35.1	D-H	37.9	HI	52.3	G-I
Yankee (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	20.1	C-E	17.1	F-H	24.1	O-S	32.4	H-K	38.2	HI	48.3	I-L
TN1902 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Wheat + Crimson Clover	16.5	G-J	13.0	JK	23.1	Q-U	34.2	F-J	37.0	H-J	49.3	H-J
TN1902 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Wheat + Hairy Vetch	21.1	BC	20.6	B-D	24.5	N-S	28.4	L-O	36.1	H-K	39.6	NO
Cereals
Average		9.9		7.1		30.7		37.4		58.8		67.8
Min		8.0		5.4		23.0		28.6		45.6		55.6
Max		13.4		9.7		36.6		41.8		67.6		74.0
Range		5.4		4.4		13.7		13.1		22.0		18.4
Legumes
Average		18.7		19.8		23.5		25.6		31.8		30.7
Min		15.1		15.5		20.5		19.0		27.3		21.7
Max		23.6		24.9		26.2		31.5		36.3		37.7
Range		8.5		9.4		5.7		12.5		9.1		16.0
Brassicas
Average		15.3		12.0		28.6		35.5		38.5		45.4
Min		14.1		11.0		27.5		33.7		37.8		43.6
Max		16.6		13.5		29.4		37.5		39.3		48.0
Range		2.5		2.5		1.9		3.8		1.5		4.4
Mixes
Average		16.8		15.2		27.1		34.2		42.9		49.8
Min		13.3		12.1		22.6		28.4		36.1		39.6
Max		21.1		20.6		31.5		37.7		50.7		54.2
Range		7.8		8.5		8.9		9.3		14.5		14.6
Across Groups
Average		15.5		14.5		26.8		31.7		42.1		46.3
Standard Error		4.3		5.8		4.4		6.2		12.1		15.9
Min		8.0		5.4		20.5		19.0		27.3		21.7
Max		23.6		24.9		36.6		41.8		67.6		74.0
Range		15.6		19.5		16.2		22.8		40.3		52.3
ANOVA p-values
– Variety		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
– Location		<0.001		<0.001		N.S.		0.014		<0.001		<0.001
– Variety x Location		0.017		0.084		0.026		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001

† Varieties that have any MS letter in common are not significantly different (Fisher’s Protected LSD, P<0.05). Mean separation letters are highlighted in dark orange for values that are not statistically different from the highest value across all entries within a given trait. Mean values between the 50th and 75th percentile are highlighted in light orange, mean values above the 75th percentile are highlighted in dark orange. § For analysis, values transformed using (value)^2 due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡ For analysis, values transformed using log (value+1) due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡‡ Non-normal distribution, means reported ¶ Analyzed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with the appropraite calibration for each species. Reported on a 100% DM basis. †† Estimated using quality constituents from NIRS inputted into the UGA cover crop nitrogen calculator.   Table 7-b. Across location mean forage quality of 36 cover crop varieties and 8 mixes planted in early Oct. 2020, in small plot replicated trials, at two University of Tennessee AgResearch and Education Center locations, in Tennessee, and evaluated from Fall 2020 to Spring 2021.

Variety	Common Name	Ash¶				Fat¶				Lignin¶
		Apr		May		Apr		May		Apr†		May
Cereals
Bates RS4	Cereal Rye	2.6	OP	0.3	U	2.1	PQ	1.6	P-R	4.8	E-J	6.5	E-I
Elbon	Cereal Rye	2.1	P	1.6	ST	2.3	M-Q	1.9	K-O	4.1	K-Q	5.7	I-N
NF95319B	Cereal Rye	3.3	NO	0.6	TU	2.1	Q	1.5	R	4.9	E-J	6.5	E-H
NF97325	Cereal Rye	2.8	OP	1.1	S-U	2.2	O-Q	1.6	P-R	4.9	E-J	6.6	E-H
NF99362	Cereal Rye	2.6	OP	0.4	U	2.4	I-Q	1.5	QR	4.4	G-O	6.4	F-I
TriCal Ray	Cereal Rye	2.6	OP	1.1	S-U	2.1	Q	1.5	QR	5.1	C-G	6.7	D-G
Yankee	Cereal Rye	3.6	NO	2.7	R	3.2	AB	2.3	E-H	2.5	T	5.2	L-R
TriCal EXP 20T06	Triticale	3.5	NO	1.8	RS	2.2	N-Q	1.8	L-P	3.0	R-T	4.6	P-U
TriCal EXP 21T01	Triticale	4.0	N	1.8	RS	2.3	L-Q	1.8	L-P	3.0	ST	4.7	P-U
TriCal Flex 719	Triticale	3.6	NO	1.6	S	2.7	D-H	2.1	H-K	2.7	ST	4.5	Q-V
TriCal Surge	Triticale	3.5	NO	1.2	S-U	2.5	E-N	2.0	I-L	2.3	T	4.8	O-T
TN1902	Wheat	3.5	NO	1.7	S	2.9	B-D	2.3	C-H	2.4	T	4.0	T-V
Legumes
FIXatioN	Clover, Balansa	9.4	A	9.9	BC	2.9	B-D	2.2	G-J	4.2	I-O	4.6	Q-U
Paradana	Clover, Balansa	9.4	A	9.4	CD	3.2	A-C	2.3	B-H	4.6	F-M	5.8	G-M
Taipan	Clover, Balansa	9.0	AB	8.9	C-F	2.8	C-E	2.2	H-K	4.5	G-O	6.0	G-M
Viper	Clover, Balansa	9.4	A	9.0	C-F	2.7	D-J	2.3	D-I	4.1	J-O	5.3	L-Q
Frosty	Clover, Berseem	8.5	A-D	9.0	C-F	2.7	D-J	2.5	A-F	4.1	K-P	5.0	N-S
Lightning	Clover, Berseem	8.8	A-D	9.1	C-F	2.7	D-I	2.4	B-H	3.9	M-Q	5.1	M-R
*UF_CC_17	Clover, Crimson	7.6	D-H	7.0	IJ	2.5	G-O	2.0	I-L	4.6	F-M	6.9	C-F
Dixie	Clover, Crimson	8.0	B-G	7.2	HI	2.7	D-K	2.0	J-N	4.0	L-Q	6.6	E-H
Kentucky Pride	Clover, Crimson	8.3	A-D	7.4	G-I	2.5	F-O	2.0	I-L	4.2	I-O	6.2	F-K
GO-PER-12	Clover, Persian	8.5	A-D	10.9	AB	2.9	B-D	2.5	A-G	5.0	C-H	3.7	V
Dynamite	Clover, Red	8.4	A-D	8.9	D-F	2.8	C-G	2.5	A-E	3.8	O-R	4.2	S-V
Q (FL24D)	Clover, Red	8.9	A-C	9.2	C-E	2.9	B-D	2.5	A-G	4.5	G-O	4.5	Q-V
*UF_WC_LateOcoee	Clover, White	7.9	B-G	11.4	A	2.8	C-F	2.6	AB	4.9	E-I	4.4	R-V
*UF_WC_ML17	Clover, White	8.4	A-D	10.8	AB	3.4	A	2.6	A-E	4.9	D-I	3.9	UV
AU Merit	Vetch, Hairy	8.1	B-E	8.2	E-G	2.7	D-L	2.7	A	4.9	E-I	5.8	H-M
Patagonia	Vetch, Hairy	7.8	C-G	8.1	F-H	2.7	D-H	2.6	A-C	4.6	F-N	5.5	J-O
WinterKing	Vetch, Hairy	8.0	B-F	8.4	D-F	2.7	D-H	2.7	A	4.7	F-L	5.1	M-R
Survivor	Winter Pea	8.5	A-D	9.1	C-F	2.8	D-H	2.6	AB	3.4	P-S	4.1	T-V
Brassicas
Vivant	Hybrid (turnip x rapeseed)	6.2	I-M	4.3	PQ	2.6	E-M	2.2	H-K	5.3	B-F	8.2	AB
Aerifi	Radish	6.9	F-J	6.5	I-K	2.5	H-P	1.7	O-R	5.7	A-C	8.0	AB
CCS-779	Radish	6.8	G-K	6.4	I-L	2.5	H-P	1.7	N-R	6.2	A	7.5	B-D
Driller	Radish	6.9	E-L	6.1	J-M	2.3	L-Q	1.8	L-P	6.1	AB	7.2	C-E
FragiBlaster	Radish	6.5	H-M	5.7	K-O	2.3	K-Q	1.7	N-R	5.7	A-D	7.7	BC
Jackpot	Turnip	6.0	I-M	5.2	M-P	2.6	D-M	2.2	G-J	5.5	B-E	8.5	A
Mixes
Bates RS4 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	5.7	J-M	4.1	Q	2.4	J-Q	1.9	K-O	4.6	F-N	6.3	F-J
Bates RS4 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	5.7	K-M	4.7	O-Q	2.4	H-P	2.2	F-I	4.8	E-K	6.2	F-K
Bates RS4 (10%) + Dixie (90%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	5.6	M	4.8	N-Q	2.5	H-O	1.7	M-Q	4.6	G-N	6.5	E-H
Bates RS4 (10%) + AU Merit (90%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	6.2	I-M	5.8	K-N	2.4	H-P	2.3	B-H	4.8	E-K	5.8	H-N
Yankee (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	5.6	M	5.5	L-O	2.9	B-D	2.2	F-I	3.3	Q-S	5.7	I-N
Yankee (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	6.3	I-M	6.7	I-K	2.9	B-D	2.6	A-D	3.8	N-Q	5.4	K-P
TN1902 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Wheat + Crimson Clover	5.6	LM	4.8	N-Q	2.7	D-H	2.0	I-M	3.7	O-R	6.0	G-L
TN1902 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Wheat + Hairy Vetch	6.9	E-I	7.4	G-I	2.7	D-I	2.7	A	4.4	H-O	5.4	K-P
Cereals
Average		3.1		1.3		2.4		1.8		3.7		5.5
Min		2.1		0.3		2.1		1.5		2.3		4.0
Max		4.0		2.7		3.2		2.3		5.1		6.7
Range		1.9		2.4		1.1		0.9		2.8		2.7
Legumes
Average		8.5		9.0		2.8		2.4		4.4		5.1
Min		7.6		7.0		2.5		2.0		3.4		3.7
Max		9.4		11.4		3.4		2.7		5.0		6.9
Range		1.8		4.4		0.9		0.7		1.7		3.2
Brassicas
Average		6.5		5.7		2.5		1.9		5.7		7.9
Min		6.0		4.3		2.3		1.7		5.3		7.2
Max		6.9		6.5		2.6		2.2		6.2		8.5
Range		0.9		2.3		0.3		0.5		0.9		1.3
Mixes
Average		5.9		5.5		2.6		2.2		4.2		5.9
Min		5.6		4.1		2.4		1.7		3.3		5.4
Max		6.9		7.4		2.9		2.7		4.8		6.5
Range		1.4		3.2		0.6		0.9		1.5		1.1
Across Groups
Average		6.3		5.8		2.6		2.1		4.3		5.8
Standard Error		2.3		3.3		0.3		0.4		0.9		1.2
Min		2.1		0.3		2.1		1.5		2.3		3.7
Max		9.4		11.4		3.4		2.7		6.2		8.5
Range		7.4		11.1		1.3		1.2		3.9		4.8
ANOVA p-values
– Variety		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
– Location		<0.001		<0.001		N.S.		N.S.		<0.001		<0.001
– Variety x Location		0.018		0.048		N.S.		N.S.		<0.001		<0.001

† Varieties that have any MS letter in common are not significantly different (Fisher’s Protected LSD, P<0.05). Mean separation letters are highlighted in dark orange for values that are not statistically different from the highest value across all entries within a given trait. Mean values between the 50th and 75th percentile are highlighted in light orange, mean values above the 75th percentile are highlighted in dark orange. § For analysis, values transformed using (value)^2 due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡ For analysis, values transformed using log (value+1) due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡‡ Non-normal distribution, means reported ¶ Analyzed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with the appropraite calibration for each species. Reported on a 100% DM basis. †† Estimated using quality constituents from NIRS inputted into the UGA cover crop nitrogen calculator.