Table 23. Early Nov. Planted, Knoxville, TN, Forage Quality

Table 23-a. By location mean forage quality of 36 cover crop varieties and 8 mixes planted in early Nov. 2020, in small plot replicated trials, at the Middle Tennessee AgResearch and Education Center, in Knoxville, Tennessee, and evaluated from Fall 2020 to Spring 2021.

Variety	Common Name	CP¶				ADF¶				NDF¶
		Apr		May		Apr		May		Apr		May
Cereals
Bates RS4	Cereal Rye	10.7	LM	8.2	M	32.4	A	38.6	AB	62.4	A	69.7	A
Elbon	Cereal Rye	11.5	J-M	8.8	LM	28.9	B-E	36.8	A-C	56.5	B	68.2	A
NF95319B	Cereal Rye	10.0	M	7.5	M	32.4	A	39.7	A	60.9	AB	72.1	A
NF97325	Cereal Rye	12.6	I-M	7.7	M	30.5	A-C	39.8	A	58.9	AB	70.4	A
NF99362	Cereal Rye	10.9	K-M	8.7	LM	31.4	AB	39.0	A	61.5	AB	70.8	A
Yankee	Cereal Rye	14.9	F-I	9.9	LM	24.9	F-K	29.5	GH	48.8	C	58.7	B
TN1902	Wheat	13.8	H-K	11.0	KL	26.4	E-I	27.2	HI	48.7	C	52.5	CD
Legumes
Paradana	Clover, Balansa	13.2	I-L	15.9	F-J	31.3	AB	29.9	E-H	37.5	E-G	33.1	HI
Taipan	Clover, Balansa	13.7	H-L	15.0	H-J	30.5	A-C	30.2	F-H	41.4	DE	35.4	HI
Viper	Clover, Balansa	15.4	E-I	17.0	E-H	30.5	A-D	30.8	D-H	37.4	E-H	34.8	G-I
Lightning	Clover, Berseem	18.2	E	21.3	CD	30.0	A-D	25.1	IJ	39.0	E-G	30.4	IJ
Dixie	Clover, Crimson	18.4	DE	18.4	E-G	23.1	I-L	27.0	HI	28.6	IJ	30.6	IJ
AU Merit	Vetch, Hairy	24.6	AB	25.1	B	21.5	KL	24.1	IJ	24.7	JK	26.3	JK
Patagonia	Vetch, Hairy	23.9	AB	21.8	CD	24.2	G-L	27.0	HI	27.6	IJ	30.5	IJ
WinterKing	Vetch, Hairy	26.7	A	28.4	A	21.0	L	21.8	J	22.1	K	23.0	K
Brassicas
Vivant	Hybrid (turnip x rapeseed)	16.3	E-H	13.1	JK	24.9	F-K	33.8	C-F	32.2	HI	43.3	EF
Aerifi	Radish	14.8	F-I	13.2	I-K	27.3	C-G	34.5	B-D	34.7	GH	42.2	EF
Jackpot	Turnip	14.5	G-J	14.4	H-J	28.8	B-E	33.9	C-E	37.2	E-H	42.9	EF
Mixes
Bates RS4 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	13.4	H-L	12.8	JK	29.3	A-E	36.7	A-C	48.0	C	55.3	BC
Bates RS4 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	18.8	C-E	18.2	E-G	26.2	E-J	31.4	D-G	39.9	EF	44.5	EF
Bates RS4 (10%) + Dixie (90%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	15.1	F-I	15.3	H-J	28.2	B-F	33.5	C-F	45.6	CD	47.2	DE
Bates RS4 (10%) + AU Merit (90%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	17.8	EF	18.9	D-F	26.9	D-H	30.6	D-H	41.5	DE	43.7	EF
Yankee (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	17.0	E-G	16.0	G-I	22.8	J-L	29.1	GH	38.4	E-G	44.3	EF
Yankee (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	21.3	B-D	19.2	DE	24.4	G-L	28.8	GH	35.2	F-H	41.3	E-G
TN1902 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Wheat + Crimson Clover	17.0	E-G	16.7	E-H	25.1	F-K	27.5	HI	36.0	F-H	39.4	F-H
TN1902 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Wheat + Hairy Vetch	21.8	BC	22.2	C	23.7	H-L	24.6	IJ	34.4	GH	34.0	HI
Cereals
Average		12.1		8.8		29.6		35.8		56.8		66.1
Min		10.0		7.5		24.9		27.2		48.7		52.5
Max		14.9		11.0		32.4		39.8		62.4		72.1
Range		4.9		3.5		7.5		12.6		13.7		19.6
Legumes
Average		19.3		20.4		26.5		27.0		32.3		30.5
Min		13.2		15.0		21.0		21.8		22.1		23.0
Max		26.7		28.4		31.3		30.8		41.4		35.4
Range		13.5		13.5		10.3		9.1		19.3		12.3
Brassicas
Average		15.2		13.6		27.0		34.1		34.7		42.8
Min		14.5		13.1		24.9		33.8		32.2		42.2
Max		16.3		14.4		28.8		34.5		37.2		43.3
Range		1.8		1.3		3.9		0.8		5.0		1.1
Mixes
Average		17.8		17.4		25.8		30.3		39.9		43.7
Min		13.4		12.8		22.8		24.6		34.4		34.0
Max		21.8		22.2		29.3		36.7		48.0		55.3
Range		8.4		9.4		6.5		12.1		13.6		21.3
Across Groups
Average		16.4		15.6		27.2		31.2		41.5		45.6
Standard Error		4.4		5.5		3.4		5.1		11.4		14.9
Min		10.0		7.5		21.0		21.8		22.1		23.0
Max		26.7		28.4		32.4		39.8		62.4		72.1
Range		16.7		20.9		11.4		18.1		40.4		49.1
ANOVA p-values
– Variety		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
– Location		<0.001		<0.001		N.S.		0.014		<0.001		<0.001
– Variety x Location		0.017		0.084		0.026		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001

† Varieties that have any MS letter in common are not significantly different (Fisher’s Protected LSD, P<0.05). Mean separation letters are highlighted in dark orange for values that are not statistically different from the highest value across all entries within a given trait. Mean values between the 50th and 75th percentile are highlighted in light orange, mean values above the 75th percentile are highlighted in dark orange. § For analysis, values transformed using (value)^2 due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡ For analysis, values transformed using log (value+1) due to non-normal distribution. Untransformed means and summary statistics are reported. ‡‡ Non-normal distribution, means reported ¶ Analyzed using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with the appropriate calibration for each species. Reported on a 100% DM basis. †† Estimated using quality constituents from NIRS inputted into the UGA cover crop nitrogen calculator.

Table 23-b. By location mean forage quality of 36 cover crop varieties and 8 mixes planted in early Nov. 2020, in small plot replicated trials, at the East Tennessee AgResearch and Education Center, in Knoxville, Tennessee, and evaluated from Fall 2020 to Spring 2021.

Variety	Common Name	Ash¶				Fat¶				Lignin¶
		Apr		May		Apr		May		Apr†		May
Cereals
Bates RS4	Cereal Rye	3.5	J	2.4	HI	2.5	GH	2.1	HI	4.0	F-K	5.8	D-G
Elbon	Cereal Rye	4.4	H-J	1.8	I	2.7	E-H	2.4	F-I	3.7	J-L	5.6	D-H
NF95319B	Cereal Rye	4.5	H-J	1.7	I	2.4	H	2.1	HI	4.0	F-K	5.8	C-F
NF97325	Cereal Rye	4.3	IJ	2.8	HI	2.8	D-H	2.1	I	3.9	H-L	6.0	C-E
NF99362	Cereal Rye	3.9	J	2.1	HI	2.6	F-H	2.2	HI	4.0	G-K	6.2	CD
Yankee	Cereal Rye	5.8	G-I	2.8	HI	3.5	AB	2.7	B-D	3.6	KL	3.5	JK
TN1902	Wheat	6.8	E-G	3.5	H	3.0	C-E	2.6	B-F	2.9	L	2.9	K
Legumes
Paradana	Clover, Balansa	8.6	A-D	9.1	A-C	3.3	A-C	2.3	F-I	7.3	AB	6.5	B-D
Taipan	Clover, Balansa	7.7	B-F	9.5	AB	3.1	B-E	2.4	D-I	6.1	CD	6.7	BC
Viper	Clover, Balansa	9.2	A-C	10.6	A	3.0	B-F	2.3	E-I	6.7	A-C	6.2	C-E
Lightning	Clover, Berseem	9.2	AB	9.7	AB	3.0	C-F	2.6	B-F	5.3	DE	4.7	HI
Dixie	Clover, Crimson	8.2	B-E	8.7	B-D	2.5	GH	2.1	HI	4.9	E-H	5.6	D-G
AU Merit	Vetch, Hairy	9.2	AB	8.3	B-E	2.9	C-H	2.9	A-C	4.5	E-K	4.9	G-I
Patagonia	Vetch, Hairy	9.4	AB	8.8	B-D	2.9	C-G	2.9	A-C	5.1	D-F	5.5	D-H
WinterKing	Vetch, Hairy	10.2	A	8.7	B-D	3.0	B-E	3.1	A	4.5	E-K	4.2	IJ
Brassicas
Vivant	Hybrid (turnip x rapeseed)	8.4	B-E	6.9	EF	2.9	D-H	2.4	E-I	6.7	BC	8.4	A
Aerifi	Radish	8.1	B-E	7.6	C-F	3.0	B-E	2.2	HI	7.9	A	8.7	A
Jackpot	Turnip	8.0	B-E	5.1	G	3.1	A-E	2.3	G-I	7.6	AB	7.4	B
Mixes
Bates RS4 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	6.0	F-H	5.2	G	2.7	E-H	2.2	HI	4.5	E-K	5.6	D-G
Bates RS4 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	7.3	C-G	6.4	FG	2.9	C-G	2.6	C-G	4.8	E-J	5.2	E-H
Bates RS4 (10%) + Dixie (90%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	6.2	FG	5.5	G	2.8	D-H	2.2	HI	4.3	E-K	5.7	D-G
Bates RS4 (10%) + AU Merit (90%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	6.9	E-G	6.3	FG	2.9	D-H	2.7	B-F	4.8	E-I	5.1	F-I
Yankee (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Cereal Rye + Crimson Clover	7.1	D-G	5.1	G	3.5	A	2.7	B-E	3.7	I-L	4.3	IJ
Yankee (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Cereal Rye + Hairy Vetch	8.6	A-D	7.0	EF	3.0	C-E	2.8	A-C	5.1	D-F	5.0	F-I
TN1902 (20%) + Dixie (80%)	Wheat + Crimson Clover	8.3	B-E	6.2	FG	3.1	A-E	2.4	D-H	5.1	D-G	4.7	HI
TN1902 (20%) + AU Merit (80%)	Wheat + Hairy Vetch	8.0	B-E	7.4	D-F	3.2	A-D	2.9	AB	4.6	E-K	4.3	IJ
Cereals
Average		4.7		2.4		2.8		2.3		3.7		5.1
Min		3.5		1.7		2.4		2.1		2.9		2.9
Max		6.8		3.5		3.5		2.7		4.0		6.2
Range		3.4		1.8		1.0		0.6		1.2		3.2
Legumes
Average		9.0		9.2		3.0		2.6		5.5		5.5
Min		7.7		8.3		2.5		2.1		4.5		4.2
Max		10.2		10.6		3.3		3.1		7.3		6.7
Range		2.5		2.3		0.8		0.9		2.7		2.4
Brassicas
Average		8.2		6.5		3.0		2.3		7.4		8.1
Min		8.0		5.1		2.9		2.2		6.7		7.4
Max		8.4		7.6		3.1		2.4		7.9		8.7
Range		0.4		2.5		0.2		0.2		1.2		1.3
Mixes
Average		7.3		6.1		3.0		2.6		4.6		5.0
Min		6.0		5.1		2.7		2.2		3.7		4.3
Max		8.6		7.4		3.5		2.9		5.1		5.7
Range		2.6		2.3		0.8		0.7		1.4		1.4
Across Groups
Average		7.2		6.1		2.9		2.5		5.0		5.6
Standard Error		1.9		2.7		0.3		0.3		1.3		1.3
Min		3.5		1.7		2.4		2.1		2.9		2.9
Max		10.2		10.6		3.5		3.1		7.9		8.7
Range		6.8		8.9		1.1		1.0		5.0		5.7
ANOVA p-values
– Variety		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
– Location		<0.001		<0.001		N.S.		N.S.		<0.001		<0.001
– Variety x Location		0.018		0.048		N.S.		N.S.		<0.001		<0.001